Niet alleen mensen kunnen last ondervinden van seksueel overdraagbare aandoeningen, ofwel soa’s. Ook bij dieren komt dit fenomeen voor. Bij insecten kan dit lugubere taferelen opleveren, zoals wij in het veld wel eens ondervinden.
Vliegen kunnen aangetast worden door de schimmel Entomophthora muscae. In de wetenschappelijke naamgeving betekent de geslachtsaanduiding Entomophthora letterlijk “insectendoder”. De soortaanduiding muscae staat voor het aangewezen slachtoffer van deze schimmel: vliegen. Er zijn nog tal van andere Entomophthora soorten die andere vertegenwoordigers onder de insecten als slachtoffer verkiezen.
Sporen van E. muscae die op een vlieg terechtkomen dringen het lichaam binnen met behulp van hele fijne schimmeldraden. Eenmaal binnen verspreid de schimmel zich door het lichaam tot het bij de hersenen van de vlieg aankomt. Bij de hersenen aangekomen neemt E. muscae de controle over het gedrag van de geïnfecteerde vlieg. Zonder hier zelf nog invloed op uit te kunnen oefenen stelt de vlieg alles in staat om ervoor te zorgen dat nieuwe sporen van de schimmel zich zo optimaal mogelijk kunnen verspreiden. De geïnfecteerde vlieg klimt langs een stengel, meestal van hoge grassen, omhoog. Bovenin klemt de vlieg zich vast aan de top in een karakteristieke houding. Doorgaans gaat de vlieg ondersteboven zitten met het achterlijf iets opgericht en de vleugels gespreid. In deze houding lijkt het voor potentiële partners alsof de geïnfecteerde vlieg open staat voor sex.
Ondertussen komen uit het achterlijf van de inmiddels overleden vlieg schimmeldraden tevoorschijn met nieuwe sporen. Elke potentiële partner die landt op of in de directe omgeving van de geïnfecteerde vlieg is ten dode opgeschreven en kan zelf ook nog nieuwe partners infecteren alvorens ook ten prooi te vallen aan E. muscae.
Tijdens veldwerk voor een insectenonderzoek kwamen wij tientallen geïnfecteerde vliegen tegen in grasstengels van Gestreepte witbol en Grote vossenstaart langs een agrarisch perceel. En dat waren alleen nog maar de individuen die langs de looproute meteen opvielen.
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